Since ancient times, Biomass has been used for make energy through combustion. This method is a simple, biomass burning and produces heat that is used for a variety of needs. However, this simple way is not really effective and low efficiency. Today, when the technology is advancing, the processing of biomass into energy is modern and has different methods. This article will describe of various forms of processing biomass into energy. As a principle the conversion methods of biomass can be reached through combustion and non-combustion methods.
Thermo chemical
Thermochemical method has three of three methods as follows:
Direct Combustion
As the show in above that direct combustion has been done since long time ago. Biomass was dried to remove moisture content and directly burned into the fire. One example of the direct combustion process which is still used is the combustion of the boiler / furnace in traditional sugar plant. The extracted sugar cane bagasses, is dried and send to the furnace to heat the water inside of boiler. Heat generated by the combustion, boils water and makes steam. This steam can be used either to spin the rotor equipment directly or send to turbine and produce electricity.
Gasification
Gasification is a process for converting carbon materials such as coal, oil and biomass into carbon monoxide and hydrogen by reacting to the material at the high temperatures with oxygen control. The result of the gas mixture called synthesis gas or commonly called syngas. Gasification is an efficient method of converting organic material into energy and is a clean application.
The advantage of this gasification process is very efficient when compared with direct combustion. Synthesis gas has two advantages that can be burned directly in combustion engines (internal combustion engine) or extract to methanol and hydrogen.
The biochemical method will be explaining in second article.
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